The Guardian (formerly known as The Manchester Guardian) is a British national daily newspaper A newspaper is a regularly scheduled publication containing news, information, and advertising. By 2007 there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a day (55 million in the U.S). The worldwide recession of 2008, combined with the rapid growth of web-based alternatives, caused a serious decline in advertising and owned by the Guardian Media Group Guardian Media Group plc is a company of the United Kingdom owning various mass media operations including The Guardian and The Observer. The Group is owned by the Scott Trust. It was founded as the Manchester Guardian Ltd in 1907 when C. P. Scott bought the Manchester Guardian from the estate of his cousin Edward Taylor. It became the Manchester. Founded in 1821, it is unique among major British newspapers in being owned by a foundation (the Scott Trust The Scott Trust ltd is the British company which owns Guardian Media Group and thus The Guardian, The Observer and Auto Trader as well as various local newspapers, Smooth Radio and other radio stations, and various other media businesses in the UK, via the Guardian Media Group). It is known for its left-of-centre political stance. At the 2010 election The next United Kingdom general election is due to take place on or before 3 June 2010, barring exceptional circumstances. As a general election, it will see voting take place in all constituencies of the United Kingdom, to elect Members of Parliament to seats in the House of Commons, the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom it supported the Liberal Democrats The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a centre to centre-left social liberal political party in the United Kingdom. The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party. The two parties had formed the electoral SDP–Liberal Alliance for seven years before then. The current leader of the.

The Guardian had a certified average daily circulation of 283,063 copies in March 2010, behind The Daily Telegraph The Daily Telegraph is a daily morning broadsheet newspaper distributed throughout the United Kingdom and internationally. The newspaper was founded by Colonel Arthur B. Sleigh in June 1855 as the Daily Telegraph and Courier, and is currently owned by David and Frederick Barclay and The Times The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times are published by Times Newspapers Limited, a subsidiary of News International. News International is entirely owned by the News Corporation group, headed by Rupert Murdoch. Though traditionally a moderately centre-right newspaper and a supporter of the Conservatives, it supported the Labour Party in, but ahead of The Independent The Independent is a British newspaper published by Alexander Lebedev's Independent Print Limited. It is nicknamed the Indy, while the Sunday edition, The Independent on Sunday, is the Sindy. Launched in 1986, it is one of the youngest UK national daily newspapers. The daily edition was named National Newspaper of the Year at the 2004 British.[2] The website, guardian.co.uk guardian.co.uk, formerly known as Guardian Unlimited, is a British website owned by the Guardian Media Group. Janine Gibson is the editor. It contains nearly all of the content of the newspapers The Guardian and The Observer, as well as a substantial body of web-only work produced by its own staff, including a rolling news service, is one of the highest-traffic English-language news websites. According to its editor, The Guardian has the second largest online readership of any English-language newspaper in the world, after the New York Times The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. Although it remains both the largest local metropolitan newspaper in the United States as well as being third largest overall, behind The Wall Street Journal and USA Today, the weekday circulation of the paper has fallen precipitously.[3]

The Guardian Weekly The Guardian Weekly is a weekly newspaper published by the Guardian Media Group, and is one of the world's oldest international newspapers. It was founded with the aim of advancing the cause of democracy in post-First World War Germany. Its first edition was printed a week after the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, and included the, which circulates worldwide, contains articles from The Guardian and its sister Sunday paper The Observer The Observer is a British newspaper, published on Sundays. In about the same place on the political spectrum as its daily sister paper The Guardian, which acquired it in 1993, it takes a liberal or social democratic line on most issues. It is the world's oldest Sunday newspaper, as well as reports, features and book reviews from The Washington Post The Washington Post is Washington, D.C.'s largest newspaper and its oldest, founded in 1877. Located in the capital of the United States, The Post has a particular emphasis on national politics. D.C., Maryland, and Virginia editions are printed for daily circulation and articles translated from Le Monde Le Monde is a French daily evening newspaper with a circulation as of 2007[update] of 320,583. It is considered the French newspaper of record, and is generally well respected, often the only French newspaper easily obtainable in non-Francophone countries.

Contents

Stance and editorial opinion

The Guardian's former offices at Farringdon Road in London.

Founded by textile traders and merchants, The Guardian had a reputation as "an organ of the middle class The middle class are any class in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class. In Marxist terms, middle class commonly refers to either the bourgeoisie before or during capitalism[",[4] or in the words of C.P. Scott's son Ted "a paper that will remain bourgeois to the last".[5] "I write for the Guardian," said Sir Max Hastings in 2005,[6] "because it is read by the new establishment", reflecting the paper's then growing influence.

The paper's editorial stance has generally been on the mainstream left of British political opinion. This is reflected in the paper's readership: a MORI Mori is a Japanese and Italian surname. In Japanese, Mori may also be a given name. It is also the name of two clans in Japan, and one in India poll taken between April and June 2000 showed that 80% of Guardian readers were Labour Party The Labour Party is a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom, and is regarded as the principal party of the Left in England, Scotland and Wales since 1920. Labour first surpassed the Liberal Party in general elections during the early 1920s. It formed minority governments under Ramsay MacDonald in 1924 and from 1929 until 1931 and took voters;[7] according to another MORI Mori is a Japanese and Italian surname. In Japanese, Mori may also be a given name. It is also the name of two clans in Japan, and one in India poll taken in 2005, 48% of Guardian readers were Labour voters and 34% Liberal Democrat The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party. The two parties had formed the electoral SDP-Liberal Alliance for seven years before then. The party's leader is Nick Clegg voters.[8] The newspaper's reputation as a platform for liberal Social liberalism is the belief that liberalism should include social justice. It differs from classical liberalism in that it recognizes a legitimate role for government in addressing economic and social issues such as unemployment, health care, and education while simultaneously expanding civil rights. Under social liberalism, the good of the and left-wing opinions has led to the use of the epithet "Guardian reader" as a label for people holding such views.[9][10]

Guardian features editor Ian Katz stated in 2004 that "it is no secret we are a centre-left newspaper".[1] In 2008, Guardian columnist Jackie Ashley said that editorial contributors were a mix of "right-of-centre libertarians, greens, Blairites, Brownites, Labourite but less enthusiastic Brownites, etc" and that the newspaper was "clearly left of centre and vaguely progressive". She also said that "you can be absolutely certain that come the next general election, The Guardian's stance will not be dictated by the editor, still less any foreign proprietor (it helps that there isn't one) but will be the result of vigorous debate within the paper."[11] The paper's comment and opinion pages, though often written by centre-left academics and writers like Polly Toynbee Polly Toynbee is a British journalist and writer, and has been a columnist for The Guardian newspaper since 1998. She is a social democrat and broadly supports the Labour Party, while urging it in many areas to be more left-wing, though during the 2010 general election she urged a tactical vote in support of the Liberal Democrats where this can, have allowed some space for right-of-centre voices such as Simon Jenkins Sir Simon David Jenkins is a British newspaper columnist currently associated with The Guardian after fifteen years with News International titles. He was educated at Mill Hill School and St John's College, Oxford, Max Hastings and Michael Gove Michael Andrew Gove is a Conservative politician, journalist and author in the United Kingdom. He has been Secretary of State for Education since 12 May 2010, and was formerly Shadow Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families. He has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Surrey Heath since 2005.

In the run-up to the 2010 general election The next United Kingdom general election is due to take place on or before 3 June 2010, barring exceptional circumstances. As a general election, it will see voting take place in all constituencies of the United Kingdom, to elect Members of Parliament to seats in the House of Commons, the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, following a meeting of the editorial staff,[12] the paper declared its support for the Liberal Democrats, in particular due to the party's stance on electoral reform There are many such movements globally, in almost all democratic countries, as part of the basic definition of a democracy is the right to change the rules. Political science is imperfect; electoral reforms seek to make politics work a bit better, a bit sooner. The solution to the problems of democracy tends to be "more democracy.". The paper suggested tactical voting In voting systems, tactical voting occurs, in elections with more than two viable candidates, when a voter supports a candidate other than his or her sincere preference in order to prevent an undesirable outcome to prevent a Conservative victory, given the UK's first-past-the-post First past the post voting is a generic term referring to an election determined by the highest polling candidate. First-past-the-post voting method although similar in design does not relate solely to Plurality voting.[clarification needed] electoral system.[13]

History

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